Cacao
Cacao is a crop of great commercial value worldwide. Here in the Philippines, many areas are suitable for growing this crop. Recently, it has become a very popular intercrop for coconut farmers who regard it as a promising crop that can augment their income. In spite of the availability of large areas for cacao production, the country continues to import cacao. For the last 10 years, the volume of our production had not even met our domestic demand. Furthermore, a great percentage of the beans produced by our backyard farmers are poor in quality and are only prepared as "tableas". This situation forces our local chocolate manufacturers to depend mostly on Malaysia and The Ivory Coast for quality beans. The Philippines Recommends for Cacao presents the latest technology practices in commercial plantations and of various research institutions. It includes information on marketing and processing. It promotes the use of high-yielding clones and improved management practices. 

Cashew
Cashew (Anacardium occidentale Linn.), known locally as Kasoy, is the country’s leading nut crop.  It is mostly grown as a backyard crop or as a component of many small-scale diversified orchards. It is grown in almost all regions of the country although the largest production center can be found in Palawan.  Cashew has various uses  ranging from food, feeds, medicines, and industrial uses.  The publications provides information from nursery management propagation up to marketing.  

Citrus
First published in 1980, the Philippines Recommends for Citrus contains the best available recommendations for the improvement of citrus production in the Philippines. In this volume, citrus growers and specialists in the country share their experience on selecting an orchard site, preparing planting materials, fertilizing, protecting the crop, postharvest handling and processing. Citrus is a major fruit crop in the Philippines, providing an important source of income for many Filipino farmers. Although generally, citrus yields in the Philippines are low, well-managed orchards, specifically those in Mindanao, can produce the volume and quality of fruits that can compare favorably with those of developed countries. These plantations are run on modern and intensive technology.  

Coconut
The Philippines is still the world's number one supplier of coconut products. The total area planted to coconut is about 3.1 million hectares. Annual nut production has decreased from 55 nuts/tree in 1986 to 49 nuts/tree in 1990. In copra terms, annual production decreased from 2.7 million tons in 1986 to 2.5 million tons in 1990 (UCAP 1990). Despite this downward trend , the Philippines still accounts for about 70% of the aggregate world export for coconut products.  

Coconut Timber Utilization
This publication details the procedure of processing coconut trunk into coconut timber. It discusses the conversion of coconut wood into various products with economic uses such as: parquet flooring, paneling, roof shingles, and partitions. The old, unproductive coconut trees felled to give way to new ones are the source of coconut wood. This volume aims to help in one way or another those in the wood processing industry to consequently uplift the government's housing program through the utilization of coconut timber as housing materials.  

Coffee
Coffee earned as high as US$ 46.6M in foreign exchange in 1980, obviously one of the country's principal export crops. But the present yield of coffee is low, averaging only 1.2 tons per hectare per year. Even quality is not up to par. With proper farm management, however, coffee yield can be increased to as much as 2 tons per hectare per year. The Philippines Recommends for Coffee presents recommendations meant to increase the present level of production. the recommendations contained in this publication are based on research results and borrowed technology applicable to Philippines conditions; other recommendations are based on local experiences and observations.  

Corn
The Philippines Recommends for Corn 1981 is the third of a series on corn. The first two editions were released in 1975 and 1976. This revised edition incorporates a number of changes meant to make its recommendations more useful to extension  agents, farmers, researchers and others involved in corn industry. The volume provides a cost and return analysis of corn production and treats in depth the aspects of  production management, pest and disease control, harvesting and processing. Among its features is an illustration of the recommended method of sack storage inside a warehouse.  

Durian
Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.), an Asian fruit known as the “King of Tropical Fruits,” is considered as one of the most highly valued and desired seasonal fruits in the Philippines, particularly in Mindanao.  Because of this increasing demand for durian, production has expanded to other parts of Luzon and Visayas areas.  Recognizing its great export potential, PCARRD published this series to provide the necessary information to produce quality durian fruits and products and promote a globally competitive durian industry. This publication is a consolidation of the latest research outputs and technology practices on production, postharvest and processing.  It also includes information on marketing system and results of profitability analysis.  

Fruit Processing and Utilization
This publication, The Philippines Recommends for Fruit Processing and Utilization, highlights different methods of fruit processing such as fermentation, dehydration, canning, freezing, and preserving with high sugar concentration. It provides step-by-step  directions of these processes and presents a number of recipes for different kinds of fruits. This technical bulletin is a practical source of information for those who are interested in fruit processing for home consumption or for a cottage or small-scale industry in the rural areas.   

Ginger
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is an important spice crop, used in cooking and the preparation of preserves, candy and pickles. It is raw material in the production of beverages, perfumes and medicines. Through considered a minor crop in the Philippines it is one of the country's potential high-earning expert crops. In 1977, about 4 M kg of fresh ginger were exported, mainly to Hongkong, Japan, Singapore and United States. A recent survey by the Special Studies Division of the Ministry of Agriculture revealed that the average ginger consumption in the country was about 400 grams per person a year. At this rate the Philippines alone would need about 19,000 tons of ginger. However, the national average yield is far from impressive. Farmers' limited knowledge about proper culture and management plus the lack of knowledge for ginger processing have largely hindered development of the industry. Dissemination of the up-to-date information on ginger, such as that contained in the Philippines Recommends for Ginger 1980, may aid farmers, researchers, extension, workers, and other interested parties in improving current production. Local and foreign researches served as basis for this "package of technology".   

Mango
The Philippine 'Carabao' mango is considered one of the world's best. However, production is still considered low and inadequate to meet local and foreign demands. One such problem cited by growers is insufficient technical information on production and postproduction technologies. PCARRD prepared The Philippines Recommends for Mango to fill the information and technology gaps in mango production. Recommendations given in this technical bulletin are the outputs of R&D activities and experiences in mango growing, postharvest handling, and processing.   

Mango
The Philippine 'Carabao' mango is considered one of the world's best. Also known as the Manila Super mango., it has already established a niche in the world markets for mango. Although the Philippines is one of ten major producers of mango in the world, our production is still considered low inadequate to meet local and foreign demands. Admittedly, many constraints hinder the full development of the mango industry. One such problem cited by growers is the insufficient technical information on production and postproduction technologies. PCARRD therefore, prepared this Philippines Recommends for Mango to fill the information and technology gaps in mango production. This is the product of a committee from both government and private sectors. Recommendations in this technical bulletin are the outputs of R and D activities and experiences on mango growing, postharvest handling, and processing. Continuing R and D strives to solve existing production and postproduction problems. Dissemination or transfer of such technologies is a commitment of PCARRD and DOST.  

Mungbean
The Philippines Recommends for Mungbean is a revision of the first edition published in 1977. It compiles the updated information on mungbean adaptation requirements, varieties, cultural management, and other practices, seed production and certification, postharvest processing, nutritional value, utilization, and economics. It also incorporates some data and experiences of the PCARRD-coordinated Mungbean Development Action Project.  

Orchids
Prospects are bright for the orchid industry. Local demands for flowers and plants for gardens are high, while opportunities for exporting orchids are even more promising. This revised edition of the Philippines Recommends  for Orchids is PCARRD's way of promoting and supporting the commercial production of orchids. It has been modified to cater  specifically to the requirements of entrepreneurs who would like to venture into orchid growing. The local hobbyist will find this bulletin helpful, with the discussions pertaining to orchid growing, whether small-scale or large-scale.   

Papaya
This bulletin is an updated version of the 1977 Philippines Recommends edition. Data updated and the latest information on Oriental fruit fly, spider mites, and thrips are added. It also highlights relevant information on the different aspects of papaya production, handling, and processing.   

Pili
Pili is an indigenous nut tree crop in the Philippines.  It ranks second to cashew in economic importance.  Pili has a great potential for development as a major export crop because it is a good substitute for macadamia nuts.  It is a very prolific tree with a yield potential that is comparable with or even better than other crop nuts.  Unlike other fruit nuts, pili is not highly perishable.  Its nutritious pulp and kernel are excellent sources of vegetable fats and proteins.  This publication  offers the latest package of technology  from  production to marketing.  

Potato (1979)
An addition to the expanding Philippines Recommends series, this volume contains the rudiments of potato cultivation. it embodies the Council effort to make root crops a popular source of additional income in farms.  

Ramie Production
In recent years, the demand for ramie fibers both local and abroad has increased. The export price of ramie is high, making ramie production and primary processing is scanty, outdated, and uncomprehensive. This volume highlights and integrates the technologies on ramie farming generated in several areas in Mindanao through the Southern Mindanao Agricultural Research Center (SMARC) and other local and foreign institution. It intends to provide farmers, technicians, and students information on the cultural management and processing of this crop.  

Rice Postproduction Operations
The seriousness of postproduction loss in rice is of national concern. During the last decade, there were published reports dealing with many aspects of rice postharvest technology. Notwithstanding these developments, however, information on the patterns, magnitudes, and causes of rice postproduction losses remain highly variable. PCARRD publishes this volume with hope of promoting improved and modified postproduction methods. Likewise, it aims to make precise recommendations that could mean reduction in losses, stabilization of supply, and an increase in income for the small farmers.  

Rodent Control
The staggering damages brought by rats to our prime commodities prompted PCARRD to release this volume which outlines the measures by which outlines the measures by which the rodent problem can be contained in areas planted to rice, corn, sugarcane, and other prime commodities. This volume features a community wide coordinative effort to check the menace of rats in a farming environment which readers may find useful as models.  

Rubber
Natural rubber (NR)- producing countries are pressed to focus their resources to production of NR to complement the production of synthetic rubber (SR). These countries are faced by the increasing demand for rubber in the world market of rubber. The Philippine is taking positive steps towards increased production of rubber since about 1.58 million hectares in Mindanao are suitable for rubber plantation. The revised edition of the Philippine Recommends for Rubber incorporates newly developed technologies related to vital aspects of rubber production such as improved nursery techniques and management, cover crop establishment, intercropping schemes, refinements in weed management, branch induction and pruning practices.  

Sustainable Small Ruminant-Coconut Production System
With almost four million hectares of farmlands planted to coconut, raising small ruminants under coconut is a good source of secondary income. The Philippines Recommends for Sustainable Ruminant-Coconut Production System outlines management practices recommended for a successful crop-animal integration. It also discusses economic and marketing considerations to shed light on the profitability of this venture. With the need for sustainable food production becoming more pronounced, small ruminant-coconut production system is an inevitable option.  

Soybeans
This publication, The Philippines Recommends for Soybeans, presents the recent technologies on soybean production. This is a revised edition of the publication. The first edition was published by PCARRD in 1976. It highlights information on the environmental requirements of the crop and outlines procedures in the production of high quality seeds of soybean.  

Tobacco (1979)
The second of the series on tobacco, this revised edition incorporates number of changes and is expected to be more useful than the first editions published in 1975. The recommendations are the latest, PCARR's contribution to the development of the tobacco industry as one of the pillars of the country's agricultural economy.  

Winged Bean
Until quite recently, the winged bean has virtually been taken for granted since it easily proliferates in backyards under minimal cultural management. However, with the growing recognition of its potential as a malnutrition is prevalent, this volume hopes to encourage nationwide planting of the crop and generate enthusiasm for its nutritive value. this volume is based on the proceedings of the First International Winged Bean Symposium-Workshop held January 1978 at the PCARR headquarters in Los Banos, Laguna. d